Freight forwarders should be well informed about Incoterms because they play a crucial role in determining the responsibilities and obligations of both buyers and sellers in international trade transactions. Understanding Incoterms helps freight forwarders accurately calculate shipping costs, plan logistics, and provide accurate quotes to their clients. Additionally, being knowledgeable about Incoterms ensures that freight forwarders can effectively communicate with all parties involved in the transaction and avoid any misunderstandings or disputes. Overall, a good understanding of Incoterms is essential for freight forwarders to provide efficient and reliable services to their clients. **

When using Incoterms DDP (Delivered Duty Paid), the seller is responsible for paying the customs duty for international shipping. This means that the buyer does not have to worry about paying the customs duty, as it is included in the total cost of the goods. The seller takes on the responsibility and cost of ensuring that the goods are cleared for import and delivered to the buyer's location. Therefore, the customs duty for international shipping with Incoterms DDP is paid by the seller before the goods are delivered to the buyer. **

"Incoterms" refer to a set of international rules that define the responsibilities of buyers and sellers in international trade. When the term "alongside the vessel" is used in Incoterms, it means that the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to a specific point alongside the ship at the named port of shipment. At this point, the buyer assumes all responsibility and risk for the goods, including loading them onto the vessel. This term is commonly used in maritime transport and is part of the FAS (Free Alongside Ship) Incoterm. **

It is not advisable for an importer to use Incoterms DDP (Delivered Duty Paid) because it places the maximum responsibility and risk on the seller. Under DDP terms, the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the buyer's premises, paying for all transportation and import duties, and assuming all risks until the goods are delivered. This can result in higher costs and potential complications for the seller, as well as limited control and visibility for the buyer. It is generally more advantageous for the importer to negotiate terms that provide a more balanced distribution of responsibilities and risks, such as using Incoterms like FOB or CIF. **

Export calculation taking into account the Incoterms is carried out by considering the specific responsibilities and costs allocated to the buyer and seller under each Incoterm. For example, if the Incoterm is FOB (Free on Board), the seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the port of shipment and the buyer is responsible for the costs and risks from that point forward. This allocation of responsibilities and costs will impact the overall export calculation, including the final price of the goods, transportation costs, and insurance. Therefore, understanding the chosen Incoterm is crucial for accurately calculating the export costs and pricing. **

Distribution logistics 2 refers to the process of managing the movement and storage of goods from the point of production to the point of consumption. This includes activities such as transportation, warehousing, inventory management, and order fulfillment. Distribution logistics 2 also involves optimizing the supply chain to ensure that products are delivered to customers in a timely and cost-effective manner. This can involve using advanced technology and data analysis to improve efficiency and reduce costs. **

Amazon Logistics is a delivery service operated by Amazon that handles the shipping and delivery of packages directly to customers. It is a part of Amazon's efforts to improve their delivery capabilities and provide faster and more reliable shipping options. Amazon Logistics utilizes a combination of Amazon's own delivery network, as well as third-party carriers, to ensure efficient and timely delivery of packages to customers. This service allows Amazon to have more control over the shipping process and provide a better overall customer experience. **

The choice between wholesale and freight logistics depends on the specific needs and goals of the business. Wholesale logistics focuses on the distribution of large quantities of goods to retailers, while freight logistics involves the transportation of goods from one location to another. Wholesale logistics may be better for businesses that want to streamline their distribution process and work with a network of retailers, while freight logistics may be more suitable for businesses that need to transport goods over long distances or across borders. Ultimately, the decision should be based on the unique requirements and objectives of the business. **